UNIHumanitas Académica y de Investigación es una revista editada por la Facultad de Humanidades, Ciencias Sociales y Cultura Guaraní de la Universidad Nacional de Itapúa; arbitrada, de periodicidad semestral. Está abierta a la comunidad científica nacional e internacional para la publicación de estudios científicos y conocimientos en las áreas de educación, lengua y literatura, cultura y cuestión social.
Universidad Nacional de Itapúa, Facultad de Humanidades, Ciencias Sociales y Cultura Guaraní
Profile of students entering the Medicine career at the Catholic University «Nuestra Señora de la Asunción», Asunción Campus, 2021
The career of Medicine is characterized by its high demand and selectivity. This leads to the fact that many young applicants fail to pass the admission tests or have to try more than once to enter. Considering the problems described above, the main objective of this research is to describe the profile of students entering the Medicine program at the Catholic University “Nuestra Señora de la Asunción”, Asunción Campus, in the first semester of 2021. The study adopts the quantitative approach and resorts to the documentary analysis technique to collect the data. The research concludes that the students who managed to enter the Medical School are between 18 and 21 years old, predominantly women and come from the Central Department, Paraguay. Regarding the academic profile, it is noted that most of those admitted to the career have had a good performance in High School, with an average grade close to 5, the maximum grade; and have completed the Scientific Baccalaureate with emphasis on Basic Sciences and Technology. Finally, among those admitted to the Medical School, the majority of students come from private schools.
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Implementation of inclusive education in universities in the city of Encarnación 2024
The research conducted sought to obtain new knowledge about the implementation of inclusive education in universities in the city of Encarnación exclusively in terms of physical barriers, i.e. infrastructure. It focused on studying the phenomenon in its natural context, reviewing the research conducted on the subject in the last five years, specifically in Encarnación. The research approach was qualitative, descriptive and cross-sectional. The study population consisted of university executives from the universities sampled in the city of Encarnación. The techniques used were interviews and observation. Regarding the results obtained, in recent years, the universities have been carrying out structural constructions; that is, an improvement of the physical infrastructure towards inclusiveness. As for the curricular adjustments, in order to respond to the inclusive approach, they are established in the Institutional Educational Projects (PEI) as determined by Law 5136/13, in the universities studied and foreseen in their budget, which allows these higher education institutions to respond to the requirements and regulations of the Law of Inclusive Education.
Planning proposal based on universal learning design for teachers 2024
The general objective is to propose a planning model based on the Universal Design for Learning (UDL) approach as a methodological strategy to improve the inclusive competence of teachers in the regular education system at the national level. The methodology used is based on the Holotype of Projective Research or “Feasible Project” of Comprehensive Level. The sample included 162 teachers and data were collected through surveys and questionnaires. The results revealed that teachers with specific training in SAD were aware of its concepts and techniques, were able to adapt the curriculum and seek the help of specialists. Those without specific training still felt prepared to serve diverse learners, but required more time to plan and adapt materials. All teachers who participated in the SAD workshops expressed their commitment to seek strategies for inclusion. The importance of continuing training in this area is highlighted. The implementation of the proposed SAD-based planning model at all levels and modalities of the National Education System requires coordinated collaboration and constant commitment on the part of educational authorities, academic institutions and teachers.
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Analysis of the results obtained by middle school teachers in a private school with the implementation of the Inverted Classroom method
The purpose of this research was to analyze the results obtained by middle school teachers in a private school in Lambaré with the implementation of the inverted classroom method. The frame of reference of the work is based on the teaching and learning strategies of the inverted classroom. The data collection was carried out through semi-structured interviews with teachers, which included open-ended questions on the implementation of the inverted classroom method, and a questionnaire or interview guide with 14 questions was used as an instrument. The design used was non-experimental, the approach used was qualitative, in order to know through the interview and the dialogue with the teachers of the institution the aspects of the implementation of the inverted classroom method, in order to observe the results obtained. The research work was descriptive because it allowed a descriptive analysis of the results obtained by middle school teachers with the implementation of the inverted classroom in a private school in Lambaré. The group of teachers who participated in the experience were a total of 10 and a probabilistic sample was used, all teachers had the same possibility of being selected, 4 teachers were interviewed. It has been noted that the results obtained at the middle level in the school of Lambaré were positive in the acquisition of instrumental, interpersonal, critical thinking and systemic competencies, influencing better academic results, as expressed by the teachers interviewed.
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Analysis of Guarani expressions in disuse: their origin and evolution in contemporary use.
This work investigates the Guarani language from its earliest times. There are many words or concepts that are thought not to exist in Guarani, and for this reason many Spanish words are introduced, which gives the impression that Guarani lacks the appropriate terms for certain uses. In addition, there are numerous books that have not been used for the teaching of the Guarani language, or at least for the knowledge of its history. In these books one can find terms that have fallen into disuse and have been replaced by Spanish terms, thus impoverishing the language. It is known that the Guarani had no tradition of writing, so it is not possible to find texts in Guarani from pre-Hispanic times. Only after the arrival of the Spaniards did written materials on the Guarani language and the Guarani begin to appear. This work was initiated within the framework of the Chair of Guarani Philology. Through this study, it is possible to discover Guarani terms that are unknown to many, demonstrating that books written by Franciscans and Jesuits contain Guarani terms that contemporary speakers are unaware of, and that can be discovered.
Living conditions of children with intellectual disabilities in Encarnación
International organizations such as the World Health Organization (WHO), the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), Teletón; as well as National Institutions, the National Secretariat for Persons with Disabilities (SENADIS) and the Secretariat of Social Action, defined conceptually and operationally the terms "persons with disabilities", "types of disabilities", "quality of life", and concepts related to living conditions and the comprehensive protection of their fundamental rights (WB; WHO, 2011). In this research, which was proposed to know the living conditions of children with intellectual disabilities attending a Special Education Center in the city of Encarnación, through the adoption of a test of quality of life with international standard and from a look at the Paraguayan legislation on the rights approach of each of them; the guidelines made by the Committees are taken as a reference: Committee for the Rights of the Child about the situation of Children with Disabilities in the Republic of Paraguay who "is concerned that there is no general policy or national plan specifically aimed at this sector of the population" (Committee on the Rights of the Child. Session No. 1457, 2010), and the Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, which recommends the urgent implementation of effective measures for the identification, prevention and protection, particularly of women and girls with intellectual disabilities" (SENADIS, 2014).
Morphosyntactic characteristics of texts translated from Spanish into Guarani by the participants of the "Linguistic Hackathon" in 2019
This work was carried out with the purpose of describing the morphosyntactic characteristics of the written texts translated from Spanish to Guaraní produced by the participants of the marathon called “linguistic hackathon”, of the year 2019. Regarding the methodology used in this research, the research level was descriptive and with a qualitative approach. We worked with a database of 800 translations -which were made in the hackathon- of which 43 were taken, by a convenience sampling, to be analyzed with the theories of morphology, syntax and translation. It was possible to identify the use of the lexemes and morphemes of Guaraní and its rules, in the results. On the other hand, simple and compound sentences were determined. Finally, the translation procedures were recognized.
Technological resources for English language teaching in middle school in a public school in Capitán Miranda, Itapúa
The context of the cessation of face-to-face classes due to the Covid 19 Pandemic led educational institutions to develop classes virtually at all levels. This work describes the technological resources used for teaching English as a foreign language in a school in the district of Capitán Miranda in 2021. It is framed in the line of educational technologies used for teaching the English language considering the points of view of the students and the teacher, based on what is indicated by the Ministry of Education and Sciences. The methodology was based on techniques that led to student surveys and interviews with the English language teacher to recollect information; It also relied on the analysis of the documentation available from the MEC for the implementation of virtual education in the context of the Covid 19 Pandemic. The MEC offered the platform "Tu escuela en casa" and Microsoft Teams for interaction between students and teachers, as well as monitoring. During the teaching-learning process of English as a foreign language, only WhatsApp, an instant messaging social network, was used as an intangible resource, and the most used tangible resource was the smartphone. Finally, a significant experience for students and teachers was the exchange of audio messages in English to practice pronunciation, which motivated and supported the development of the class guides received from the MEC. The effectiveness of technological resources for teaching the English language in this institution depends on tangible resources and the connectivity to access intangible resources.
Effectiveness of a doctoral-level faculty evaluation mechanism at a public university
The University marks the life of the professional student, since those who enter aspire to receive training from an institution that aims at quality and even more so when they reach the highest academic degree that one aspires to, which is a Doctorate. From this point of view, the role of the teacher as a facilitator of student learning is fundamental, therefore, the objective of this study is to determine the degree of effectiveness of the teacher evaluation mechanism used at the Doctoral level of the Department. Graduate Program of the Faculty of Humanities of the National University of Itapúa, Encarnación headquarters 2020 - 2023. For the research, the mixed approach was chosen, a chaolitic concurrent design, of a concurrent triangulation type where the population was made up of Students, Teachers and Directors of the Doctoral Program of the Postgraduate Department of the Faculty of Humanities of the National University of Itapúa, Encarnación headquarters cohort 2020 - 2023. The results obtained showed that the Doctoral Program works in a coordinated manner with the different actors involved, students, teachers and managers, through surveys, interviews and suggestions applied at the end of each module taught or developed, this work triangulated means that information is obtained and its veracity is corroborated, the weakness observed was the non-socialization of the results obtained student - teacher, teacher - student, which is feasible to be corrected since the mechanism is in the process of strengthening.
Characterization of students entering 2022 at the National University of Itapúa
The purpose of this study was to describe the sociodemographic situation of students entering the university in the year 2022. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted. The information was collected through a survey applied through a digital form to university students who entered through the admission system in the year 2022. A sample of 735 students was taken, equivalent to 71% of the total. Variables included were the type of institution of origin, bachelor's degree emphasis, place of origin, age and factors related to economic income. Regarding the socioeconomic level of the students, in terms of income, 67% of those surveyed do not work; 82% of those who do work earn less than the minimum wage. Seventy-four percent finished in public institutions, 17% in subsidized schools and 8% in private schools. The results show factors that will allow us to know the students' situation and could have an impact on their permanency.
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Analysis of the work "Cuentos sin Mordaza" by Lucía Scosceria de Cañellas from the perspective of Russian Formalism and Structuralist Theory
This research analyzes the work "Cuentos Sin Mordaza" by Lucía Scosceria de Cañellas from the Russian Formalism and the Structuralist Theory. It is necessary due to the intention of a greater appreciation of Paraguayan literature. The construction and application of literary analysis as a contribution to regional literature, research in this area and an analysis guide for future students of language or literature majors. The objective of the research was to analyze the characteristics of the work "Tales without a Gag" by Lucía Scosceria de Cañellas from the Russian Formalism and Structuralism. For this, the qualitative methodology of literary analysis was used. The methods and strategies were considered and linked explicitly and implicitly with literary theories, specifically with the Russian Formalism of Propp and others, as well as Structuralism, of Barthes and others. The research established the relationship between the literary theories used with the different stories analyzed through their respective functions, which were evidenced and verified as present within the structure of most stories.
Diplomatic negotiations in the search for peace in the Chaco war
The Chaco War was one of the biggest war conflicts of the 20th century in Latin America due to the problem of the undefined border limits between Paraguay and Bolivia. Despite the attempts of negotiations between the two countries, it was not possible to avoid the outbreak of war, which led both countries to confront each other for 3 years in the Chaco area, an uncertain place with terrible conditions, facing all kinds of suffering. Before, during, and after the war, different countries were involved, as well as institutions dedicated to peacekeeping; however, the war was inevitable. The study is a qualitative research of documentary, hermeneutic design. It studies the negotiations developed by diplomatic institutions for the solution of the conflict and to what extent they were able to influence the countries to sign a peace agreement. The model of diplomatic strategy of the cease line of the landmarks with the promise of compensation of territories on the part of Paraguay, was the one that allowed Bolivia to accept the agreement, and finally, it is this adopted strategy with which the final settlement that puts an end to the conflict of the Chaco War in 1938 is achieved.
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International negotiation strategies applicable to Paraguayan meat exports to Russia between 2011-2021.
This research was carried out with the purpose of identifying Paraguay's trade relations with Russia and, in particular, the international negotiation strategies applicable to Paraguay's meat exports to Russia between 2011-2021. The approach used was qualitative and the research design was documentary in nature, identifying the trade relations that Paraguay has with Russia in the sale of meat products, specifically beef. Databases such as CICCO, Google Scholar, Zotero and web pages were consulted, having as main criteria the research topic and the proposed objectives. It was concluded that the importance of Paraguay having a good relationship with Russia in the commercial aspect is considerable and good communication and understanding are fundamental, together with a good study of the negotiation taking into account the Russian strategies where the win-lose method is used; in addition, having translators and interpreters for both sides of the negotiation can avoid misunderstandings.
Early stimulation in the teaching-learning process in students with Down syndrome
One of the main problems that can arise in the educational process of children with Down Syndrome in national institutions is the lack of early stimulation, due to the difficulties they present in the processing of information, both in reception and in its application to concrete situations. The methodology used in this study is a qualitative approach. The present study addresses early stimulation in the teaching-learning process, with the main objective of analyzing the incidence of early stimulation in children with Down Syndrome in a Special Educational Center in the city of Encarnación. An interview was conducted with the Early Stimulation professional and observation of the students and professionals was carried out. The results highlighted the skills developed through different stimulation activities and the benefits obtained from these activities. The main conclusion was that early stimulation through visual, auditory and sensory support positively influences the teaching and learning process of children with Down syndrome, by strengthening their development from an early age and through stimulation of various areas. Working in an interdisciplinary team made up of physiotherapists, psycho pedagogues, psychologists and psychotherapists from the first years of life and addressing various areas, a positive result in their development is strengthened.
Insertion of indigenous students in higher education in Itapua 2021
The research addressed the problems related to indigenous education and the need to promote programs aimed at enabling the indigenous population to have greater participation in their sociocultural environment and in society. The general objective was focused on describing the factors that affect the insertion of indigenous students in the higher level of the educational system in the department of Itapúa in the year 2021. The methodology used was mixed; the type of research used was descriptive. A non-experimental and specifically transectional design was applied. The data were collected between the first and second semesters of the year 2021. Data collection was through interviews and questionnaires. The results showed that it is necessary to implement educational reforms that facilitate the insertion of indigenous students in higher education, since at some point in their education they suffered some type of discrimination, so it is uncommon for an indigenous student to enter university
Choice of a bachelor's degree program in education sciences.
This paper deals with the choice of teaching career in the Faculty of Humanities, Social Sciences and Guarani Culture of the National University of Itapua, Natalio Campus. Specifically, the study was carried out with 52 students of the second year of said career and 5 dropouts from different courses. The study was carried out on the internal and external factors that influence the decision to choose the Bachelor's Degree in Education Sciences. A questionnaire was applied to the students of the second year and an interview to the dropouts of the career, through online forms. It was possible to determine that most of the students have a vocation for teaching, are motivated to continue and finish their studies, feel they have conviction, are able to finish and continue studying for the competition. Having a job opportunity and therefore economic stability are variables that have an impact; and there is a perceived lack of motivational and vocational orientation.
Study techniques and academic performance of students in the third cycle of basic school education in a public school in the city of Encarnación
Part of the learning process of students in the context of constructivism is oriented to build and encourage creativity in them with study techniques that best suit their learning needs. The study describes the influence of study techniques on the academic performance of students in the third cycle of Basic School Education in a public school in the city of Encarnación. The students organize their study time and homework, know and apply study techniques. The most used are underlining, summarizing, and concept maps. However, it is difficult for them to recognize the main idea, they always use the same techniques, they work in pairs; a minority does not use the techniques despite the fact that teachers encourage their use in class. Study techniques favor peer learning; they serve as feedback and fixation of learning, are very useful for closing units, as well as for the fixation and evaluation of learning; they favor student metacognition and self-reflection of teaching practice.
Emotional characteristics of adolescents who experience paternal emotional deprivation
The present research titled emotional characteristics of adolescents who experience paternal emotional deprivation, year 2022, was developed with the main objective of describing the emotional characteristics of adolescents in the third cycle of schooling, who attend a public school, and experience paternal emotional deprivation. At a methodological level, it was a descriptive study because the object of study was the emotional characteristics of adolescents; non-experimental because it does not have manipulation of variables; quantitative approach, therefore, data collection and analysis were used to answer the research questions; cross-sectional, since the data were taken at one time; the non-probabilistic sample made up of 27 students of both sexes. The Capacities and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) was used as a data collection instrument, which is made up of 5 scales, of which 3 were used. It was applied in person during the safe return to classes protocol due to the COVID pandemic. -19 in 2021. As a result, the research showed that adolescents externalize feelings and moods by 11%, such as: sadness, or the desire to cry. In consideration of this, it is highlighted that these results allow us to investigate the possible factors that may predispose the individual to develop these psychological characteristics.
Endocrine and immunologic psychophysiologic differences between posttraumatic stress disorder and acute stress disorder
Stress is the response to exposure of the organism to harm or threat that produces a series of physiological changes and facilitates copying or at least adaptation to the situation. This systematic review aims to identify the endocrine and immunological psychophysiological differences between posttraumatic stress disorder and acute stress disorder. For this purpose, a search for empirical articles was conducted in the SCOPUS database. 1000 abstracts were analyzed in the first phase of review, finally selecting and categorizing 13 empirical articles in the second phase. The results showed that the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis is responsible for generating the cascade of stressful reactions and has an inhibitory effect on the immune system by altering the production of antibodies.
Characteristics of emotional dependence in women aged 18-25 years in the urban center of the city of Encarnación
This work was carried out with the purpose of knowing the characteristics of emotional dependence that women aged 18-25 years in the urban center of the city of Encarnación show. The research includes a qualitative approach, with a non-experimental and cross-sectional design. We worked with a population of 25 university women who are part of the area of ​​Health Sciences, where a sample of 5 women was obtained. Three variables are presented for the study of the characteristics of emotional dependence: knowing the personal factors, the fear of the idea of ​​breaking up and the level of self-esteem of each of these women. To study these variables, three instruments are used: the Emotional Dependence Inventory, a semi-structured interview and the Rosenberg self-esteem questionnaire. To conclude, the results indicate that the characteristics of emotional dependence that women show are: fear and intolerance of loneliness, submission-subordination, desires for control-dominance, desires for exclusivity, priority of the partner, need for access to the partner and fear of breaking up. Among the personal factors that influence emotional dependence, the presence of emotional deficiencies in women's childhood, a lack of social skills and a history of unbalanced relationships are confirmed. And, finally, there is a notable relationship between women's low self-esteem and the fact of presenting a high emotional dependence category.
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Competencies of the management personnel of central educational institutions in the city of Encarnación
The competencies of the management staff of institutions in the city of Encarnación, is based on the hypothesis that the professional has a set of knowledge, skills and abilities acquired and developed in a systemic way by theory and practice during the years of management and above all by continuous training to successfully perform their role. The general objective of the work is: To determine the competencies of the management staff of central educational institutions in the city of Encarnación. The research was framed within a qualitative approach, descriptive level. The sample for data collection was non-probabilistic and has been made up of the main managers of the institutions investigated, interviews were applied to them. The main conclusions were; the managers have competencies, but the study highlights weaknesses that they must develop and strengthen such as: good communication, problem solving, leadership, awareness and being able to delegate. In addition, there are factors that hinder management work such as work overload, bureaucracy and lack of administrative assistants. Social, technological and cultural transformation, and especially the duality of functions such as management and leadership, makes it essential to accompany the work of managers with effective policies.
One of the major shortcomings of Paraguay's health system is undoubtedly the area of Mental Health, to which barely 1% of the health budget is allocated, highly centralized in the country's capital, where the only publicly administered psychiatric hospital is located. For the analysis of the current situation of mental health, historical background related to both political and cultural variables must also be considered: on the one hand, 35 years of dictatorship, marked by a hegemonic asylum model that did not allow the implementation of other humanizing systems that influenced the following years of democratic transition; and, on the other hand, stereotypes and stigma related to “mental illness”, prejudices deeply impregnated in the DNA of Paraguayan society.
Emotional intelligence as a protective factor against cutting in adolescents
The main objective of this research was to describe the components of emotional intelligence in a 13-year-old adolescent girl who practices cutting. It had a descriptive design, using a qualitative, cross-sectional and non-experimental approach, through a single case study. The instruments used were the Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire, the IPDE evaluation questionnaire, and the Thinking Record. The results show that she presents clinical characteristics such as narcissistic personality disorder, avoidant personality disorder, borderline personality disorder, as well as low frustration tolerance; the psychological characteristics reveal personality conflict and strongly rooted dysfunctional thoughts that reveal an adolescent who thinks she is not worth as a person, not only physically because she has a physical disability, but also emotionally and mentally. In conclusion, it is shown that there is a relationship between low levels of the components of emotional intelligence with high frustration, feelings of worthlessness, non-acceptance and poor relationship with their parents.
Women's participation and empowerment in social movements
This paper addresses the characteristics, processes and strategies implemented on the participation and empowerment of women in social movements. It is justified due to the need to recognize the importance and social value of the presence of an empowered woman in the spaces of participation. The main objective of this paper is to analyze the participation and empowerment of women in social movements, with the purpose of describing the performance of women in social movements.
Learning based on concept mapping in higher education
Esta investigación se basa en los aprendizajes con mapas conceptuales en la Educación Superior. El objetivo del trabajo es describir la importancia de los mapas conceptuales como competencia genérica del pensamiento crítico para el aprendizaje significativo, como parte de la formación de los jóvenes en la Educación Superior. Se trabajó con los docentes de distintas áreas y estudiantes del primer año en el área de lenguas. El diseño ha sido orientado con un enfoque cuantitativo y cualitativo. Fueron realizadas encuestas y entrevistas con docentes de referencia. Se concluye que con el uso de los mapas conceptuales el estudiante logra desarrollar competencias del pensamiento crítico y el aprendizaje significativo. Por lo expuesto, se recomienda a los docentes participar de actualizaciones sobre mapas conceptuales con el fin de practicar, cómo elaborarlos para promover el pensamiento crítico y el aprendizaje significativo.
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Attitudes and linguistic practices of the Guarani language of public officials in the department of Itapúa, Paraguay, 2018
This research work addresses the linguistic attitudes and practices among public officials, in which the situation of the Guaraní language is described and analyzed in relation to the linguistic attitudes and practices of public officials in public institutions in the department of Itapúa. This study is considered important in order to know the situation of the Guarani language in the public administration, a fact that will help the competent authorities to make the most opportune decision for the strengthening of Guarani in its use and function based on the knowledge of the sociolinguistic reality of the population under study. With the objective of determining the linguistic attitudes and practices of the Guaraní language, this study was carried out based on a bibliographic review of the laws that support the inclusion of the Guaraní language in higher education, previous studies on linguistic attitudes and practices, and field work with the application of a questionnaire to officials who, because of their position, have direct contact with the people who come to their workplace. This work shows that public officials know that Guaraní is an official language alongside Spanish, understand that it is necessary to know and use it, and have a positive attitude towards this language and that the linguistic conduct of Guaraní should be strengthened.
Integral characteristics of the students of the Bachelor's Degree in Psychology of the Faculty of Humanities, Social Sciences and Guarani Culture - National University of Itapúa, year 2016
The intelligence, behavior and personality of the students of the Bachelor's degree in Psychology constitute the central axes in their formation within the professional field. The main objective of this work was focused on the description of the integral characteristics, involving the areas of intelligence levels, personality and qualification in terms of behavior of the students of the Psychology career of the Faculty of Humanities, Social Sciences and Guarani Culture. The approach was quantitative, with a cross-sectional, descriptive design. It was carried out with a sample of 36 students during the 2016 academic year. Data were collected using instruments such as the Raven's Test (general scale), the MMPI-2 and a Survey for Teachers in order to evaluate areas such as: personality, behavior and intelligence level of each of the students. In the level of intelligence, the students are located between the Above Average and Below Average ranges in terms of IQ. In relation to behavior, most of them are in the range that corresponds to excellent behavioral performance. And as for personality characteristics, most of the students who made up the study sample are outside the normal ranges, being located in risk zones according to the basic scales of the MMPI-2.
Comparative study of personality characteristics in females and males, 15 to 18 years of age, victims of domestic violence
The present research was conducted through mixed approach, a descriptive scope in terms of exploration of the personality characteristics present in males and females, aged 15 to 18 years, victims of domestic violence in childhood; this comparative study allowed direct interaction with the population, which met the criteria for sampling, represented by 25 males and 25 females. Therefore, as a general objective it was proposed “To compare personality characteristics of females and males, aged 15 to 18 years, victims of intrafamily violence, from the city of Encarnación, year 2018”, in turn, the following specific objectives: a) To determine the basic determining style in both populations, b) To identify inadequate impulse control, and, c) To describe the sociocultural perception of violence. According to these objectives, the Millon Inventory for Adolescents and a questionnaire developed by the researchers were used as instruments, yielding the following results: the predominant basic personality style in both populations is violent; however, in terms of inadequate impulse control and sociocultural perception of violence, there are differentiated results: women have “greater rational control of impulsive behaviors”, while the perception of violence is present in tolerance in both women and men, the latter mostly to a significant degree.
Associated factors contributing to suicidal behavior in patients admitted to the regional hospital of the city of Encarnación, in 2018.
This research is focused on the analysis of risk factors predisposing to suicidal behavior in patients admitted to public primary care centers. Qualitative approach, with a descriptive-phenomenological scope. Cross-sectional case studies. The sample consisted of 3 individuals with a previous history of suicide attempt. The method used was the hypothetical-deductive observation, the techniques used were: structured interview, Beck's Hopelessness Scale and the Suicidal Ideation Scale of the same author. The results obtained were: the presence of a high level of suicidal ideation, concomitance between drug use and abuse in previous suicide attempts. The easy access to methods to commit suicide and the influence of family problems as a triggering or precipitating factor also stand out. With respect to the beliefs that the individual has in case of consummation of the suicidal act, and how it would affect his family, it was alleged that such an act would have caused pain to them, but that they only perceived it as a method to end their personal suffering.
Interculturality: Paraguay / Brazil relationship
This article presents a documentary review on interculturality between Paraguay and Brazil. For the elaboration of this article, a review of scientific articles has been carried out, extracted from reliable databases, all the information collected is relevant to the essence of the topic to be developed. The main objective of the present review is to analyze the dimension that interculturality encompasses with respect to the relationship developed in towns in the border area of Paraguay and Brazil. The methodology used was documentary analysis of original and review articles. From the objectives set out, it was possible to conclude that, in terms of the cultural policies of each country, it is clearly visualized that both have different ways of approaching their culture, always aiming at tolerance within the framework of social groups.